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Scientists have pinpointed a key driver of low bone density, a discovery that may lead to improved treatments with fewer side effects for women with osteoporosis. The findings reveal that loss of an epigenetic modulator, KDM5C, preserves bone mass in mice. KDM5C works by altering epigenetic ‘marks,’ which are akin to ‘on’ and ‘off’ switches that ensure the instructions written in DNA are used at the right time and in the right place.